What happened to Country Garden?

Hello, everyone, I’m Cat Two who has been working hard!

Because there are great similarities between Evergrande and Country Garden in their development models, many people have been paying attention to Country Garden since Evergrande Xu Jiayin was arrested.

Two days ago, all kinds of gossip were flying all over the sky, and it was widely rumored that Country Garden’s "founder and father may have left the country".

Immediately, this news triggered a fierce undercurrent.

What happened to Country Garden?

At this sensitive time, a false message is likely to be the last straw to crush the camel.

Therefore, Country Garden urgently issued a statement:

The founder and chairman of the board of directors of the group company are currently working normally in China.

However, some people still expressed concern after seeing Country Garden’s statement:

"It’s better to watch closely";

"It’s still in China, but I don’t understand it later."

Country Garden and Evergrande have a high degree of similarity.

Both of them are dilemmas caused by high leverage, high expansion and high risk business models.

Both of them were in the golden age of China real estate market, using low-cost financing, constantly acquiring land and developing projects, pursuing scale and speed, ignoring efficiency and quality.

Their main businesses are concentrated in third-and fourth-tier cities, but now the house prices in third-and fourth-tier cities are declining in a short period of time.

Both companies have also experienced problems such as declining sales, tight capital and debt pressure after the relevant departments in China tightened their real estate control policies.

Both of them have many hidden debts, such as accounts received in advance, goodwill, accounts payable, etc., which are not fully reflected in their financial reports.

Both have a lot of cross-border investments, such as new energy vehicles, finance and culture, which are not fully included in the real estate business.

In the face of the crisis, both of them have taken similar measures, such as cutting prices, selling assets, laying off employees and reducing wages, and asking for help from relevant departments.

Moreover, both of them have many unfinished projects, such as "uncompleted residential flats" and "ghost towns", which have not been completely converted into cash flow.

The structural similarity of these businesses is not the most terrible.

The most frightening thing is that the two scripts are highly similar.

First of all, the debts are overdue, and then they all choose to lie flat with peace of mind.

After the thunder storm, Xu Jiayin’s ex-wife and a group of senior executives of the company took the lead, abandoned Evergrande and fled first, which really set off a lot of print runs.

Country Garden is not much better. Yang Huiyan, the head of the company, transferred more than 6 billion yuan to his own organization, and Li Changjiang, the company’s executive, abandoned the ship directly on the grounds that his wife and children were hot on the kang.

These obscene operations have made the masses angry.

In the past few years, the Yang family in Country Garden received a total dividend of 42 billion yuan, and Mo Bin, the president of Country Garden, received a salary of 230 million yuan at most, and the annual salary of Country Garden executives was tens of millions.

Now that something is wrong, do you want to lift your pants and slip away?

Why can these people eat and wipe clean, but they don’t take responsibility!

It is these people, it is these real estate enterprises, that make the housing life of ordinary people in China malodorous and sorrowful. In the end, they want to carry huge sums of money and anoint their feet with oil.

Urgency, which is a promise:

Baojiaolou!

Obviously, it was the people’s own money to buy a house, but the money was misappropriated by them and the house was rotten.

In the end, you have to cry and beg them for a promise to "guarantee the building"?

It is necessary and natural to hand over the building, and it is their last road to redemption.

Xu Jiayin of Evergrande has moved in, which is a wake-up call for many developers.

I hope that Yang Moumou of Country Garden, it is really best to give his life to ensure the delivery of the building.

Zhu Huarong leads the enterprise to develop upward, and Avita’s new luxury experience kicks off

  A few days ago, the interior of the test version of Avita 07, the third model of the Avita brand, was first exposed, which not only indicates that this new luxury technology car is accelerating to the market, but also highlights Avita’s ambition and extraordinary strength in the field of new energy vehicles. Behind this technological feast, Zhu Huarong, chairperson of Changan Automobile, has become a key force to promote the Avita brand with his profound industry insight and forward-looking strategic layout.

  Avita 07, as another masterpiece of Avita under the leadership of Zhu Huarong, carries the brand’s deep understanding and ultimate pursuit of future travel. The interior design of Avita 07 with the theme of future technology luxury cockpit is not only eye-catching, but also reveals Avita’s unremitting exploration of the perfect integration of technology and luxury. The layered and three-dimensional sense of the instrument panel, combined with the minimalist style of the front four-screen arrangement, creates a technological atmosphere that surpasses the times. The ingenious design of hidden trends and the super-charged floating island of mobile phones covered with real wood are the ultimate carving of luxury details, allowing people to enjoy the convenience of technology while also feeling a quiet and elegant.

  Avita 07 has also made great efforts in the choice of interior materials. The vegetable-tanned pearlescent NAPPA leather seats are not only environmentally friendly but also delicate to the touch. They are perfectly combined with a large area of PU material soft bags and skin-friendly suede ceilings to create a luxury riding space that surpasses the same level. The overall usable space in the car up to 3119mm, as well as a room acquisition rate of more than 65%, provides passengers with a spacious and comfortable riding experience. In particular, the design of the rear space fully takes into account the diverse needs of business and family travel. The electrically adjustable backrest angle, the touch screen on the central armrest and a series of luxurious and comfortable functions make every trip an exclusive journey.

  Looking back at the development process of Avita, the strong alliance between Avita and Huawei has long been a story in the industry. At the "Meeting the Moment" Avita | Huawei Qianyu ADS user experience officer meeting held in Chongqing on June 25, Jin Yuzhi, CEO of Huawei Smart Car Solutions BU, once again confirmed the depth and breadth of this cooperation. Avita will be the first to carry Huawei Qianyu ADS 3.0 intelligent driving system, which not only marks another breakthrough in intelligent driving technology for both parties, but also indicates that Avita will lead the industry into a new era of intelligent travel.

  Zhu Huarong knows that in the tide of new energy vehicles, only by constantly innovating and breaking through can we remain invincible. Therefore, he has always regarded technological innovation as the core driving force for the development of Avita, and is committed to bringing users a smarter, more convenient and more luxurious travel experience. The upcoming pre-sale and delivery of Avita 07 is the concrete practice of this concept. We have reason to believe that under the leadership of Zhu Huarong, Avita will continue to create its own new luxury technology travel era, so that everyone who loves life can enjoy unprecedented travel fun.

[Local Evaluation Line] Litchi Online Evaluation: Implement closed-loop management to prevent overseas input.

  At present, the situation of national epidemic prevention and control continues to improve, and the situation of accelerating the recovery of production and living order has been continuously consolidated and expanded, and the overall promotion of epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development has achieved positive results. At the same time, however, it must be noted that the spread of overseas epidemic situations has brought new challenges to the prevention and control of epidemic situations in China. Facing the new challenges, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee meeting of the Communist Party of China that it is necessary to implement the key tasks of foreign defense input, improve the mechanisms of data sharing, information notification and entry personnel verification, and form a closed loop among air transport, port quarantine, destination delivery and community prevention and control.

  The prevention and control of epidemic situation in COVID-19 is a big test of China’s governance system and governance capacity. In the "first half" of the national examination, China took the most comprehensive, strict and thorough prevention and control measures, basically curbed the spread of the virus and achieved phased results. At present, when entering the "second half" of the big exam and coping with the new challenges of overseas case input, all localities must resolutely implement the spirit of the speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, and make precise policies and create a closed loop from the aspects of management subject, management process, management tools and management cycle to prevent overseas input.

  From the management subject, the responsibilities of aviation, ports and communities should be compacted."Air transport, port quarantine, destination delivery and community prevention and control should form a closed loop." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made clear the responsibility for closed-loop management. It is not difficult to see from the trajectory of the immigrants that the main bodies such as airlines, ports of entry, domestic transportation units and destination communities are all the main bodies that the returnees will inevitably come into contact with. Whether these main units are responsible or not directly affects the effectiveness of external defense input. To consolidate the hard-won domestic prevention and control achievements, all main units must recognize the new challenges brought by the spread of overseas epidemic, pay attention to the new risks of virus transmission brought by entry personnel, always tighten the string of prevention and control, take the initiative and act positively, and earnestly fulfill the responsibility of defending the soil.

  From the management process, strictly control the process to prevent "breakpoints".COVID-19 virus is "cunning". A slight negligence in the prevention and control process will give the virus an opportunity to spread freely. To carry out the prevention and control of entry personnel, it is necessary to strictly control the process, and take good care of every pass such as data sharing, information notification, entry personnel verification and transportation, isolated observation and patient treatment. It is necessary to advance the gateway, strengthen international cooperation in epidemic prevention and control, work closely with the World Health Organization, strengthen the analysis and prediction of global epidemic changes, and improve prevention and control strategies and policy measures to deal with imported risks. It is necessary to improve the immigration control mechanism, refine the "point-to-point, one-stop" and other aspects of control measures, strengthen the convergence of customs, and ensure that there is no "breakpoint".

  From the management tools, make good use of digital technology.In the face of the epidemic, let big data "run more roads" and the virus can "get nowhere". Since the outbreak, digital technology has played an important role in tracing the whereabouts of passengers, testing the health of residents, helping to resume work and production, and ensuring home life. To create a closed loop and guard against input, digital technology cannot be absent. It is necessary to use digital technology to strengthen international cooperation and accurately grasp the health status of immigrants; Grasp the flow status and real-time demand of immigrants through the big data platform; Use information technology such as "health code" to dynamically monitor the health information of entry personnel; Through the "cloud platform" to carry out mental health counseling, improve the consciousness of entry personnel to cooperate with prevention and control.

  From the management cycle, strengthen post-event reflection and enhance closed-loop efficiency.To prevent foreign imports and strengthen epidemic prevention and control, a lot of preliminary work has been carried out in various places, and some problems have also been found. For example, some immigrants are lucky, or falsely report or conceal health information, or do not cooperate with body temperature monitoring, home isolation, or deliberately conceal the incidence and the history of living abroad, which have greatly hindered and harmed the epidemic prevention and control work. To implement closed-loop management, all localities should not only take responsibility, but also be good at reflection, adhere to the problem orientation, find out the shortcomings and rectification direction from the problems, constantly strengthen the legal support for epidemic prevention and control, increase publicity and education on prevention and control knowledge and requirements, strengthen the implementation of prevention and control measures, increase the cost of illegal activities, and effectively enhance the efficiency of closed-loop management.

  If you are cautious to the end, you will never fail. All responsible subjects should not relax, pay close attention to the prevention and control of entry personnel, implement the strictest closed-loop management of "from cabin door to home", keep the hard-won epidemic prevention and control in a good situation, and completely win this war epidemic. (Hu Lu)

"Small Place" Detonates "Large Flow" Third-and fourth-tier cities become popular holiday destinations.

CCTV News:The "May Day" holiday is approaching, and many travel platforms have entered the peak booking period. The data shows that domestic long-distance travel orders account for more than half, and the tourism market in third-and fourth-tier cities is outstanding. From the overall booking situation, Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Nanjing, Xi ‘an, Wuhan, Guangzhou and Changsha are popular tourist destinations for the May 1 holiday.

It is estimated that the number of holiday travelers and per capita consumption will be higher than that in 2019.

According to the news from china tourism academy, many locations for concerts, music festivals and film and television dramas will become the "wind vane" of May Day tourism consumption and "potential stocks" of many destinations. At the same time, major museums and theme parks in China will usher in the peak of passenger flow, and in-depth experience games such as parent-child tour, cultural tour and food tour are new ways for tourists to start holiday travel.

The inbound and outbound tourism market is booming.

Inbound and outbound tourism shows great vitality. China tourism academy predicts that the number of outbound tourists will reach 130 million in 2024, and this year’s "May Day" will usher in an outbound craze, and visa-free destinations that can "just leave" will become the first choice for many tourists. Judging from the visa data, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Vietnam, Canada, New Zealand and other popular countries for outbound travel on May 1 ST, and Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Hangzhou and other cities are the tourist destinations with a large number of visas.

The inbound tourism market is also heating up. The data shows that the booking orders for inbound tourism during the May 1 holiday increased by 130% year-on-year, and the inbound tourists mainly came from Malaysia, Thailand, Britain, Russia, France and other countries.

County tourist destinations have become hot spots for booking.

This year’s "May Day" holiday, data show that "micro-vacation" and "micro-travel" are on the rise, and more tourists are willing to travel to small cities.

According to online travel platform data, during the May Day holiday this year, hotel booking orders in county markets increased by 68% year-on-year, and ticket orders in scenic spots increased by 151% year-on-year. In Baoshan, Huaihua, Chifeng, Hotan, Heze and other cities with regional airports, the number of air ticket bookings increased significantly year-on-year, mostly exceeding 50%. Pingtan in Fujian, Yangshuo in Guangxi, Anji in Zhejiang, Wuyuan in Jiangxi, Zhengding in Hebei, Shangri-La in Yunnan and Dunhuang in Gansu are popular county tourist destinations.

Ms. Wang from Jiangxi started planning the May Day holiday in early April. After many comparisons, she still chose to go to the nearby Jingdezhen for a "ceramics" trip. She believes that compared with popular tourist cities, small cities now have different holiday experiences from food to culture, from natural landscape to humanistic customs.

In Zunyi, Guizhou, the tea-picking tour with the integration of agriculture and tourism will become a new bright spot. A series of local activities, such as tea performance, tea picking competition and tea culture collection, are splendid, attracting many tea lovers to become tourists, tasting tea rhyme, enjoying tea, discussing tea ceremony and playing tea tours.

Car rental and self-driving families accounted for a large increase in RV bookings.

According to the comprehensive data of various car rental platforms, in the upcoming May 1 holiday, family travel accounts for 45%, and SUV and commercial vehicles are the main reserved models, and the number of RV bookings has increased by nearly 7 times year-on-year.

During the "May 1" period, domestic car rental orders increased by 40% year-on-year, and car rental orders in Hangzhou, Qingdao, Nanjing, Shanghai and other cities increased rapidly. It is expected that the occupancy rate will reach over 90% during the "May 1" holiday this year.

The northwest and southwest routes are booked hot, such as Xining and Urumqi, Yinchuan, Lanzhou and Lhasa, and the seaside with comfortable climate and southern cities with convenient transportation resources, such as Qingdao, Weihai, Yichang, Huangshan, Hangzhou and Nanjing, are deeply loved by tourists. At present, economical cars with high cost performance, spacious SUV models, and 7-seat models suitable for families or traveling with a large number of people have high bookings.

The husband and wife bought a house in Xi’ an for 8 years, but before they received the house, they had to raise the price by more than 5 thousand yuan/square meter to 10 thousand yuan.

  What the developer means now is to either raise the price to close the house or check out.

  When raising the final payment to collect the house, the developer said that the price had increased.

  The house that Ms. Zhang and her lover Mr. Song bought eight years ago has not been closed yet.

  In December 2013, Mr. Song signed an internal subscription agreement with Xi ‘an Jin Rui Real Estate Co., Ltd. and purchased an 88.56-square-meter house in "Haohua chansons International City" on Yongxin Road in weiyang district. It was written in the agreement that the unit price of the house was 5,247 yuan per square meter, and the total house price was 464,674 yuan. The payment method chosen by Mr. Song and his wife is: 50% of the total house price, that is, 240,000 yuan, and the balance is mortgaged by the bank.

  "The house should have been delivered at the end of 2014, but the five certificates of this house are incomplete, and the mortgage can’t be done. We have never delivered the house, and we have never paid the final payment." Ms. Zhang said that during the period, the property was also shut down, and they repeatedly looked for developers and street offices. On June 19th, 2018, under the coordination of weiyang district Tanjia Sub-district Office, several owners’ representatives and developers signed an agreement, which read, "The project resumed on July 1st, 2018, and the original agreement signed by the owners was legal and valid". I thought it would be possible to close the house smoothly, but I didn’t expect the developer to do things according to the agreement at all.

  Ms. Zhang said that in March 2019, the developer called her to take over the house, but she had to pay the final payment in one lump sum, otherwise the original agreement could not be guaranteed. "It is also said that if the price rises, we can’t blame us." Ms. Zhang is very angry. "The agreement says that the original agreement is legal and valid, so it should still be 5,247 yuan per square meter, and there is no requirement for full payment."

  Ms. Zhang disagreed with the developer’s one-time payment plan and thought that the agreement should be fulfilled. But by the beginning of 2021, when she finally raised enough money to collect the house, the developer said that it should be calculated at the price of 10,000 yuan per square meter.

  On the morning of July 27th, a staff member of the real estate developer Jin Rui Real Estate said that the person in charge of the developer refused to be interviewed. She said that the five certificates of real estate are indeed incomplete, but the current attitude of developers is that they should either accept the house at the price of 10 thousand yuan per square meter or refund it. If they don’t agree, they can be solved through legal channels.

  The street office once built a platform, and the developer said that it would either add money or refund.

  Ms. Zhang said that they had also sought the help of Tanjia Street Office, which called the two sides together to negotiate, but the developer’s attitude was tough and they could not talk at all.

  Huashang Daily reporter saw that Tanjia Sub-district Office issued a reply opinion to Ms. Zhang on July 22, with the content that the chansons International City project was completed and delivered to the owners on January 26, 2019 through the coordinated promotion of relevant district departments and Tanjia Sub-district and the joint efforts of development enterprises. At present, more than 95% of the owners have completed the formalities of purchasing houses, and the remaining tenants have been urged by letter many times before the Spring Festival in 2021, and they have been informed that.

  After the Spring Festival, developers will implement the following schemes for owners who have not taken home: 1. Take home according to the final payment of 10,000 yuan per square meter; 2. Check out the house for the owner according to the original agreement price. Street staff contacted chansons International City Project for many times to coordinate the owner’s payment. According to the enterprise, from mid-January 2018 to March 2019, the project staff of chansons International City notified the subscription owners to pay the full amount and go through the relevant formalities by telephone, sending registered letters and publishing a statement in the newspaper. If it is not handled within the time limit, it shall be deemed as a waiver of contractual rights.

  As the owner complained about the poor communication and consultation between the two parties, the street staff contacted the enterprise and the owner on July 20, 2021, and set up a coordination and communication platform in the street for meeting and consultation. The handling opinion of chansons International City Project is that the owner should collect the house according to the final payment of 10,000 yuan per square meter, and go through the check-out formalities for the owner according to the original agreed price, but both parties failed to reach an agreement. Now the enterprise has made it clear that it agrees to go through the refund procedures and pay the corresponding interest on the paid-in house according to the bank’s interest rate for the same period.

  "The house has been incomplete. Our owner followed the contract and did not breach the contract. Why did the developer say that the price increase will increase? The agreement signed on June 19, 2018 does not count." Ms. Zhang said helplessly, although there are problems in her purchase of a house with incomplete procedures, it is too hurtful for developers to be so repeated and strong.

  At noon on the 27th, Mr. Cheng, a staff member of the Party and Government Office of Tanjia Sub-district Office, said that he would continue to build a platform to solve this problem.

  Lawyer Li Yaohua of Beijing Deheng (Xixian New Area) Law Firm:

  If the subscription agreement is not confirmed invalid or terminated, it shall continue to be performed.

  The subscription agreement signed by Mr. Song and the developer has the main contents of the commercial housing sales contract stipulated in Article 16 of the Measures for the Administration of Commercial Housing Sales, and should be recognized as the commercial housing sales contract, and should continue to be performed without being confirmed as invalid or terminated.

  According to Article 2 of Judicial Interpretation of Commercial Housing Sales Contract, if the seller fails to obtain the pre-sale permit certificate of commercial housing, the pre-sale contract concluded with the buyer shall be deemed invalid, but if the pre-sale permit certificate of commercial housing is obtained before the prosecution, it may be deemed valid. If the real estate involved has not yet obtained the pre-sale permit, once the contract is brought to court, it may be deemed invalid, and the purchaser can only get back the payment and interest loss at this time. However, if the developer is at fault and maliciously litigates on this ground, the court will not support his claim. Previously, Xi ‘an Intermediate People’s Court had a similar judgment on Wentian Company v. the buyer’s "invalid contract" case. As for whether the contract between the two parties constitutes a condition for dissolution, it should be judged according to the content of the agreement and the performance.

  China’s Civil Code stipulates that the parties can modify the contract through consultation. The developer’s behavior of asking for price increase is a unilateral expression without canceling the contract or confirming that the contract is invalid, which requires the consent of the property buyer.

  Can property buyers sue the court for rights protection? According to the existing judicial precedent, if the real estate involved has not obtained the land certificate, the house is a "small property right house" and is not protected by law, and the court may not accept the relevant case. The regulatory authorities should strengthen supervision and supervision, supervise the honest operation of developers, and protect the civil rights and interests of buyers.

  Zhao Yuan of Beijing Anli (Xi ‘an) Law Firm:

  Changing the payment method of the contract should be agreed by the other party to the contract, otherwise it will not have legal effect.

  Article 543rd of the Civil Code stipulates that the parties may modify the contract through consultation. The notice from the project staff of chansons International City that the subscribing owner must pay the full amount and go through the relevant formalities on March 20, 2019 is a unilateral contract change made by the developer, which has no legal effect without the consent of the subscribing owner. Subscription owners have the right to demand the purchase of houses according to the original payment method. Now the owner agrees to pay the full amount, and the developer’s default premium has no legal basis. If the owner cancels the contract, the developer has the risk of compensating the owner for the premium.

  Lawyer Huang Jingzhi of Beijing Jingshi (Xi ‘an) Law Firm:

  It is difficult for developers to get legal support for violating the principle of good faith.

  The basic spirit of "Contract Law" is honesty and trustworthiness. In this report, developers ignore the spirit of contract, increase prices to obtain greater benefits, refuse to perform the obligations of housing sales contracts, and violate the principle of good faith. Their motives are illegitimate and will be difficult to get legal support. In addition, it is necessary to remind the buyers that when buying a house, they must pay attention to whether the "five certificates" are complete, and the pre-sale permit must be available. Do not suffer big losses in order to save money.

  The housing and construction department once reminded that the risk of houses without pre-sale certificates should be avoided actively.

  Xi ‘an Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau reminds the general public that it is really necessary to buy residential commercial housing, so it is necessary to raise legal awareness and risk prevention awareness, carefully check the Commercial Housing Pre-sale Permit for the commercial housing sold, and check whether the commercial housing to be purchased is within the pre-sale permit. Do not pay the fees of deposit or reservation to development enterprises and intermediaries by subscription, reservation, numbering and VIP cards, so as to actively avoid the risk of purchasing commercial housing without the Commercial Housing Pre-sale Permit.

  At the same time, the development enterprises and intermediaries are warned that they should operate in good faith and abide by the law. No projects that have not obtained the Pre-sale Permit for Commercial Housing are allowed to be pre-sold, and no intermediary services are allowed. The development enterprises and intermediaries shall be investigated for legal responsibility according to law.

  Intern reporter Yao Bingzhen Huashang Daily reporter Qing Rongbo

Source: Huashang. com-Huashang Daily

"RRR cut+targeted interest rate cut" has accumulated positive effects on inclusive finance’s efforts to boost market participants’ confidence.

  CCTV News:The People’s Bank of China announced on January 24th that it has decided to reduce the deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions by 0.5 percentage points from February 5th, 2024. Since January 25, 2024, the interest rates of agricultural refinancing, small-scale refinancing and rediscount have been lowered by 0.25 percentage points respectively.

  Central Bank: The deposit reserve ratio will be lowered by 0.5 percentage points from February 5th.

  People in the industry generally believe that this RRR cut and the refinancing rate cut are at a critical moment to consolidate the economy and stabilize expectations, releasing the signal that monetary policy will increase its strength and steady growth, which will obviously boost market sentiment.

  The RRR cut will provide the market with long-term liquidity of about 1 trillion yuan.

  Pan Gongsheng, governor of the People’s Bank of China, said that at present, the average level of the statutory deposit reserve ratio in China is 7.4%, which is still relatively large compared with the central banks of major international economies. After this reduction, the weighted average deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions is about 7.0%, which will provide the market with long-term liquidity of about 1 trillion yuan.

  "Exceeding expectations" to reduce the RRR and enhance the stability of money and credit supply

  Analysts pointed out that the RRR cut exceeded market expectations in both timing and scope, which helped to optimize liquidity in the banking system’s structure, stimulate market vitality and enhance the stability of money and credit supply, reflecting that the central bank’s goal of supporting the recovery of the real economy is very clear.

  Judging from the data over the years, in January, in order to increase the level of RMB loans to a higher level, the RRR cut was conducted on the eve of the Spring Festival, which was conducive to avoiding the shortage of funds, achieving a "good start" for the economy at the beginning of the year and creating a more favorable monetary environment.

  The "RRR cut+targeted interest rate cut" model reflects the precise and effective tone.

  It is noteworthy that the central bank announced the RRR cut and the interest rate cut by refinancing at the same time. The mode of "RRR cut+targeted interest rate cut" shows the impact of the current central bank’s monetary policy on inclusive finance and the pursuit of accurate and effective tone.

  Boost the confidence of market participants and improve the expectation of capital market.

  Recently, the volatility of the capital market has weakened and the volatility has increased, which has made many investors deeply worried. Analysts believe that this RRR cut will help boost the confidence of market players and improve the expectations of investors in the capital market. After the central bank of China announced the RRR cut, the assets of Hong Kong stocks and overseas China rose, and the RMB exchange rate also rose linearly. MSCI China A50 Interconnection Index Futures and FTSE China A50 Index Futures both rose more than 2%.

  The policy is favorable and the accumulated market outlook is expected to stabilize.

  On the same day, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council said that it would further study the incorporation of market value management into the performance appraisal of the heads of central enterprises. With the accumulation of favorable policies, the market may enter a rebound stage, and the market outlook is expected to stabilize and reverse.

  This RRR cut will help improve the expectation of real estate recovery.

  For the real estate market, this RRR cut will help improve the expectation of real estate recovery. On the one hand, the RRR cut will help improve the real estate credit environment. On the other hand, the central bank stepped up its efforts to stabilize the growth policy and improve the expectation of economic recovery. The effect of the policy of stabilizing the property market introduced before the superposition was gradually released, which was conducive to the restoration of real estate confidence.

  Central Bank: Creating a Good Monetary and Financial Environment for Economic Growth

  Pan Gongsheng said that in 2024, the spillover of monetary policy in developed economies will develop in the direction of reducing pressure. Such a change in external environment is objectively conducive to enhancing the autonomy of China’s monetary policy operation and expanding the space for monetary policy operation.

[Editor in charge:
Yang Yu
]

How to calculate the cumulative amount of repeated bribery and determine the limitation of action

"Source of this article: Procuratorate Daily"
● To deal with repeated bribery, we should balance the needs of cracking down on crime and punishing corruption with maintaining stability and safeguarding human rights in accordance with legal provisions, judicial policies and criminal law theory, so as to realize the organic unity of "three effects".
● If the accumulated amount is large, the time span is short, the subjective intention is deep, and the social harm is great, it should be treated as a "collective crime", and the statute of limitations should be calculated with the last act as the accumulated amount of bribery.
Our country’s law stipulates that the amount of bribes received shall be calculated cumulatively if the bribes have not been dealt with for many times. "Answers to Some Questions about Supplementary Provisions on Punishing Corruption and Bribery" stipulates that when accumulating the amount of corruption, it should be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Law on the limitation of prosecution, and the amount of corruption within the limitation of prosecution should be accumulated, and the amount of corruption that has passed the limitation of prosecution should not be calculated, which provides an important reference for dealing with the amount and limitation of bribery.
However, in practice, the situation of taking bribes for many times is complicated. The author believes that to deal with bribery for many times, we should balance the needs of cracking down on crime, punishing corruption, maintaining stability and safeguarding human rights in accordance with legal provisions and judicial policies, and realize the organic unity of "three effects". The author divides multiple bribery into four situations, and analyzes the amount calculation and limitation of action in each situation.
Repeated bribery is a continuous offence.
This refers to the continuous implementation of several independent crimes based on the same or generalized criminal intent. This situation is relatively simple. The criminal law has clearly stipulated that "if a criminal act has a continuous or continuous state, it shall be counted from the date of the end of the criminal act", which can be understood as the criminal law regards a serial offender as "a criminal act". Therefore, regardless of whether the previous bribery has passed the statute of limitations, it is only necessary to determine the statutory punishment and the statute of limitations by the time of the last act and the accumulated amount.
Suppose A took bribes of 500,000 yuan in three times for the same profit-making matter, namely, 100,000 yuan in 2011, 100,000 yuan in 2013 and 300,000 yuan in 2019. The case was committed in 2021, and the statute of limitations was calculated based on the bribery in 2019 and the accumulated amount of 500,000 yuan.
Repeated bribery is not a continuous offence, and all of them are independently convicted.
This situation is pointed out that different profit-making matters, different bribery intentions, and separate crimes of multiple bribery. According to the theory of crime, every act is independent at this time, and the original intention of the statute of limitations system is to reasonably limit the unlimited launch of the state penalty power, maintain social stability and protect the human rights of the parties. Therefore, in this case, each behavior should be evaluated separately, and the bribery behavior that has passed the statute of limitations will not be prosecuted.
Assuming that A’s bribery behavior is the same as above, but the three behaviors are not the same or generalized bribery intention, the actions in 2011 and 2013 that have passed the statute of limitations should not be prosecuted. Of course, it is not without responsibility not to prosecute a crime, and relevant acts should be dealt with in violation of discipline, and can be evaluated as sentencing circumstances in the prosecuted crime.
Repeated bribery is not a continuous offence, and neither is an independent crime.
This is pointed out that different profit-making matters, different bribery intentions, and no crime alone. There is a theory of "collective crime" in the academic circles, which holds that this situation is a collection in the form of multiple acts constituting one crime, such as tax evasion, corruption and bribery.
The author believes that although there is no close connection between time and behavior, repeated bribery shows the perpetrator’s stubborn criminal intent and social harm. Treating a single bribery that should be punished by the party and government as a whole as a "collective crime" and upgrading it to criminal prosecution is a manifestation of the requirement of "strictness" in investigating corruption and the intensity of "punishment".
In this regard, it should be handled differently according to the amount, plot, subjective malignancy and social harm.
First, if the cumulative amount is large, the time span is short, the subjective intention is deep, and the social harm is great, it should be treated as a "collective crime", and the statute of limitations should be calculated with the last act as the cumulative amount of bribery. Acts that are not closely related to the overall behavior, have a long time span and have a small amount may not be treated as crimes.
Second, if the time span is large, the amount of bribes is small, and the subjective viciousness and social harm are not great, the circumstances can be obviously minor and the harm is not great.
Suppose A took bribes of 10,000 yuan in 2006, 20,000 yuan in 2013 and 20,000 yuan in 2019. Although the accumulated amount reached 50,000 yuan, the time span was too long, and the first two acts were obviously over-prosecuted. At this time, it is unnecessary to be strict mechanically, but we should make full use of the "four forms" to punish and educate, save lives and achieve the unity of "three effects".
Taking bribes for many times, and having both an independent crime and a non-criminal act.
In this case, the perpetrator took bribes for many times, and there were independent crimes and independent crimes, including serial crimes. This kind of situation is the most complicated, and the author adopts the way of dividing point, taking the earliest independent bribery behavior that does not exceed the limitation of action as the dividing point. First, starting from the act, the subsequent acts are treated as crimes regardless of whether they are independently convicted, and the statutory punishment and statute of limitations are determined by the cumulative amount of the last act and the bribery acts treated as crimes.
Second, if the bribery before the boundary act becomes a crime independently, if it is still in the prosecution period according to the provisions of the Criminal Law that "if a crime is committed within the prosecution period, the prosecution period for the former crime shall be counted from the date of committing the latter crime", or it is in a continuous state with the latter crime, it will be treated as a crime, and the statutory punishment and limitation of action will be determined by the cumulative amount of the last act and the bribery treated as a crime.
Third, although the behavior before the boundary point behavior is not a crime independently, it should be treated as a crime if it is the same as or generalized with the behavior treated as a crime, and the amount of bribes should be included in the cumulative amount. This treatment takes into account the balance between serial offenders and "collective offenders", and acts that are independent and not guilty can be prosecuted because they are assembled to constitute a crime, so acts that are intentional for the same or generalization, whether they are serial offenders or not, should be prosecuted.
Suppose A took bribes for many times, namely, 20,000 yuan in 2006, 50,000 yuan in 2007, 1 million yuan in 2011, 20,000 yuan in 2013 and 100,000 yuan in 2019. The bribery in 2006 and 2007 was the same or generalized intention, and the case was committed in 2021.
First, according to the above demarcation method, accepting bribes of 1 million yuan in 2011 was the earliest independent bribery crime that did not exceed the statute of limitations, so it was a borderline behavior. From this act, the subsequent bribery acts in 2013 and 2019 were all treated as crimes, and the amount was accumulated with the bribery in 2011.
Secondly, before this act, 50,000 yuan was bribed in 2007, and the statute of limitations was 5 years (until 2012). A took bribes again in 2011, that is, according to the stipulation that "if a crime is committed within the prosecution period, the prosecution period for the former crime shall be counted from the date of committing the latter crime", the statute of limitations for bribery in 2007 shall be calculated based on bribery in 2011, so the bribery in 2007 has not exceeded the statute of limitations.
Third, the bribe of 20,000 yuan in 2006 should be treated as a crime because of the same or generalized intention as in 2007, and the amount should be included in the cumulative amount.
The above identification method aims to legally and appropriately deal with repeated bribery according to the law, the judicial policy of punishing corruption and the jurisprudence. However, vivid and diverse judicial cases can never be clearly applied by exhaustive enumeration. For the above problems, it is necessary to clarify the principles of dealing with multiple bribery in different situations through legislation or judicial interpretation, and define the specific meanings of "multiple bribery" and "untreated".
(Author: Guizhou Provincial People’s Procuratorate)
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The weight of RMB is raised!

According to the website of the People’s Bank of China, on May 11, 2022, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund completed the five-year review of the SDR. This is the first review since the RMB became the SDR basket currency in 2016.
The Executive Board unanimously decided to keep the current SDR basket currency composition unchanged, that is, it still consists of USD, EUR, RMB, JPY and GBP.And the weight of RMB was raised from 10.92% to 12.28% (an increase of 1.36 percentage points).The weight of the US dollar was raised from 41.73% to 43.38%, while the weight of the euro, the yen and the pound was lowered from 30.93%, 8.33% and 8.09% to 29.31%, 7.59% and 7.44% respectively, and the weight of the RMB remained the third. The Executive Board decided that the new SDR currency basket will come into effect on August 1st this year, and the next SDR valuation review will be conducted in 2027.
China’s confidence and will in reform and opening up will not waver, and it will always persist in opening up to the outside world at a high level. In the next stage, the People’s Bank of China, together with various financial management departments, will continue to unswervingly promote the reform and opening up of China’s financial market, further simplify the procedures for foreign investors to invest in China market, enrich the types of investable assets, improve data disclosure, continuously improve the business environment, extend the trading hours of the inter-bank foreign exchange market, continuously improve the convenience of investing in China market, and create a more favorable environment for foreign investors and international institutions to invest in China market.
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On November 30, 2015, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund decided to include RMB in the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) currency basket, and the SDR currency basket was correspondingly expanded to five currencies: US dollar, euro, RMB, Japanese yen and British pound. The weight of RMB in the SDR currency basket was 10.92%, and the weights of US dollar, euro, Japanese yen and British pound were 41.73%, 30.93% and 8.33% respectively.
1. What is SDR?
  
SDR is the abbreviation of SpecialDrawing Rights, which means the right to exchange "freely usable" currency. It is a supplementary reserve asset created by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1969. Together with other reserve assets such as gold and foreign exchange, it constitutes international reserves. SDR is also used as the accounting unit by IMF and some international institutions.
  
At the beginning of its creation, SDR was equivalent to the US dollar. After the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, the IMF launched the SDR currency basket in 1974. Before the 2015 review, the SDR currency basket included four major international currencies: the US dollar, the euro, the British pound and the Japanese yen. According to the exchange rate on November 30, 2015, one SDR unit is equivalent to about $1.37217.
  
2. What is the scale and usage of the existing SDR?
  
The IMF allocates SDR to all member countries according to their share to supplement their reserve assets.
  
The IMF made two general allocations of SDR in 1970-1972 and 1978-1981. After the global financial crisis broke out in 2007, the IMF allocated 182.6 billion SDR in 2009 to better cope with the crisis. Up to now, the cumulative allocation of SDR by IMF is about 204.1 billion SDR (about 280.1 billion US dollars). The cumulative allocation of SDR in China is 6.9897 billion SDR.
  
At present, SDR is mainly used for transactions between IMF member countries and official institutions such as IMF and international financial organizations, including using SDR in exchange for freely usable currency, using SDR to repay the IMF, paying interest or paying share to increase capital.
  
3. What is SDR review?
  
The IMF usually conducts a routine review of SDR every five years, mainly focusing on the currency composition and weight of SDR currency basket.
  
The principles of SDR review include: (1) the value of SDR remains stable with the world’s major currencies; (2) The currencies included in SDR basket should be widely used in international transactions; (3) The weight of currencies included in the SDR basket should be equal to its position in the international trade and financial system; (4) If there are no major changes, the composition of SDR basket currencies should remain stable during the two review periods; (5) The 5)SDR review method should be continuous and adjusted only when the role of money in the world economy changes significantly.
  
4. What are the criteria for becoming an SDR basket currency? What is the standard of RMB?
  
The current SDR review includes two criteria: first, the export scale, that is, the export volume of goods and services of a country or region in the first five years of the inspection period ranks among the top in the world; Second, the currency is "freely usable", that is, it is widely used in international transaction payment and widely traded in major foreign exchange markets. In practice, it is mainly measured by the proportion of currency in global foreign exchange reserves, international banking liabilities, international debt securities, cross-border payment, trade financing and trading volume in major foreign exchange markets.
  
At the time of SDR review in 2010, China had met the export standards. Since 2010, the internationalization of RMB has developed rapidly, and the degree of free use has been continuously improved. Based on various evaluation indicators, the Executive Board of IMF believes that there is sufficient basis to identify RMB as a free currency, and decided to include RMB in the SDR currency basket in 2015.
  
5. What is a "freely usable" currency?
  
"Free use" refers to being widely used in international transaction payment and widely traded in major foreign exchange markets. In practice, it is mainly measured by the proportion of money in global foreign exchange reserves, international banking liabilities, international debt securities, cross-border payment, trade financing and trading volume in major foreign exchange markets.
  
Free use is different from capital account convertibility. Capital account convertibility is neither a sufficient condition nor a necessary condition for free use. First, the issuing country that can freely use the currency can still retain restrictions on certain capital projects; Secondly, many convertible currencies are not freely usable currencies. However, the free use standard implies the requirement for a certain level of capital account convertibility; Convertibility of capital account can also improve the degree of free use.

  

(Source: China People’s Bank website)

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Editor | Li Huiying
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The State Council issued the "14th Five-Year Plan to Promote Agricultural and Rural Modernization".

  Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 11th-The work concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers is the top priority in building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. A few days ago, the State Council issued the Plan for Promoting the Modernization of Agriculture and Rural Areas in the 14th Five-Year Plan (hereinafter referred to as the Plan), which made comprehensive arrangements for the strategic orientation, main objectives, key tasks and policy measures of promoting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, enhanced the supporting capacity of agriculture and rural areas for economic and social development and the stabilizing role of "ballast stone", and continuously improved the living standards of farmers.

  The Plan points out that to promote the modernization of China’s characteristic agriculture and rural areas, we must adhere to ten strategic orientations, basically solve the problem of Chinese people’s feeding based on domestic conditions, consolidate and improve the basic rural management system, guide small farmers to enter the track of modern agricultural development, strengthen the support of agricultural science and technology and equipment, promote the development of the whole agricultural industrial chain, promote rural construction in an orderly manner, strengthen and innovate rural governance, promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas, promote the sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas, and promote the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas.

  The Plan proposes to take Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era as the guide, adhere to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas, adhere to the integrated design and promotion of agricultural modernization and rural modernization, take the promotion of high-quality development as the theme, take ensuring supply security and revitalizing smooth circulation as the work orientation, deepen the structural reform of agricultural supply side, put rural construction in an important position in socialist modernization, and realize the effective connection between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. We will comprehensively promote the revitalization of rural industries, talents, culture, ecology and organization, accelerate the formation of a new type of relationship between workers and peasants in urban and rural areas that promotes mutual promotion, urban and rural complementarity, coordinated development and common prosperity, and promote high-quality and efficient agriculture, livable and suitable industries in rural areas, and rich farmers.

  The Plan makes it clear that by 2025, the agricultural foundation will be more stable, the rural revitalization strategy will be comprehensively promoted, and important progress will be made in agricultural and rural modernization. Step by step, areas with conditions will take the lead in basically realizing agricultural and rural modernization, and poverty-stricken areas will effectively link the achievements of consolidating and expanding poverty alleviation with rural revitalization. Looking forward to 2035, decisive progress will be made in the overall revitalization of rural areas, and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas will be basically realized.

  The Plan has arranged seven development tasks. First, lay a solid foundation for agricultural production, implement grain storage in the land and technology, improve the security mechanism of assisting with benefits and assisting with righteousness, and improve the supply security level of important agricultural products such as grain. The second is to promote innovation-driven development, further promote agricultural scientific and technological innovation, improve the operating mechanism, promote variety cultivation, quality improvement, brand building and standardized production, and enhance agricultural quality, efficiency and competitiveness. The third is to build a modern rural industrial system, accelerate the integration and development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries, leave the main body of the industrial chain in the county, leave employment opportunities and value-added benefits of the industrial chain to farmers, and improve the modernization level of the industrial chain supply chain. The fourth is to implement rural construction actions, focusing on convenient transportation, convenient life, improved service and beautiful environment, and building a livable and suitable rural area. Fifth, strengthen the construction of rural ecological civilization, promote the green and low-carbon transformation of rural production and lifestyle, and build a green beautiful countryside. Sixth, strengthen and improve rural governance, accelerate the construction of a rural governance system that combines autonomy, rule of law and rule of virtue under the leadership of party organizations, and build a civilized and harmonious village. The seventh is to achieve effective convergence between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, enhance the endogenous development capacity of poverty-stricken areas, and let the people out of poverty live a better life and gradually embark on the road of common prosperity.

  The Plan has planned 58 major projects, actions and plans in nine aspects, including the safety guarantee of important agricultural products such as grain, the promotion of rural industrial chain supply chain, the construction of rural public infrastructure and the construction of modern rural governance system, and put forward reform measures such as smoothing the circulation of urban and rural factors, deepening the reform of rural property rights system, improving agricultural support and protection system, and expanding agricultural opening up, and called for a sound implementation mechanism to ensure the smooth implementation of the plan.